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Immigration

Work Permits, Study Permits and PR: The Big Picture

Canada's immigration system has many programs, and they change often. This guide doesn't replace official advice. It gives you the big picture so the official sources make more sense.

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Temporary and permanent status

There are two broad groups. Temporary residents can stay for a limited time under a permit, such as a work permit or a study permit. Permanent residents can live, work and study in Canada without a time limit, though they must meet residency requirements to keep their status. Citizenship is a further step with its own eligibility rules.

StatusIn shortImportant to know
Work permitLets you work in Canada for a set periodSome permits tie you to one employer. Others are more open.
Study permitLets you study at an approved schoolWorking rights depend on the conditions on your permit.
Permanent residence (PR)Lets you stay long termYou'll receive a PR card and need to meet residency requirements.
CitizenshipFull membership, including a Canadian passportRequires meeting time-in-Canada and other requirements.

Common pathways to permanent residence

  • Economic programs, such as Express Entry, which ranks candidates based on factors like age, education, language and work experience.
  • Provincial Nominee Programs, where a province selects people who fit its labour needs.
  • Family sponsorship, where a citizen or permanent resident sponsors a close family member.
  • Humanitarian and refugee programs for people who need protection.

Getting help safely

  • Only a licensed immigration consultant (RCIC), a lawyer or a paralegal can represent you in an application for a fee.
  • Ask to see a representative's licence number and confirm it with their regulator.
  • Never pay anyone who guarantees a visa or a job offer, or who asks you to lie on an application.
  • Keep copies of everything you submit, and never share your passwords with a representative.

Navak provides general information only. It is not legal, immigration, financial or tax advice.

Next guideUnderstanding Your SIN NumberWhat a Social Insurance Number is, who can get one, how to apply, and how to keep it safe from fraud.

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